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Malik Sir Ghulam Muhammad CIE (; Bengali: মালিক গোলাম মাহমুদ; 20 April 1895 – 12 September 1956) was a Pakistani civil servant who served as the third Governor-General of Pakistan from October 1951 until his dismissal in August 1955. He previously served as the country's first Finance Minister in the cabinet of Prime Minister Liaquat Ali Khan. Educated at Aligarh Muslim University,(), Malik Ghulam Muhammad Biography, Retrieved 19 August 2015 Ghulam Muhammad worked as a chartered accountant before joining the Indian Railway Services as an auditor for India's Finance Ministry. He opted for Pakistan following independence, and was appointed the new country's first Finance Minister. He drafted Five-Year Plans for the economy in 1948, based on the Soviet model, but was unable to implement them due to lack of staff and sufficient materials. He also organized the International Islamic Economic Conference held at Karachi from November 26 to December 6,1949, and called for forming a pan-Islamic economic bloc of the Muslim countries. Appointed Governor-General by Prime Minister Khwaja Nazimuddin in 1951, he grappled unsuccessfully with the Kashmir dispute with India and unrest in East Pakistan. Following anti-Ahmadi riots in Lahore in 1953, he declared martial law in the city under Lieutenant General Azam Khan. After the army quelled the riots, Ghulam Muhammad sacked Nazimuddin's government, helping Muhammad Ali Bogra replace him as Prime Minister. When Bogra attempted to lessen the powers of the Governor-General's office via parliament, Ghulam Muhammad dismissed the Constituent Assembly as well in 1954. Affected by paralysis, he took a leave of illness in 1955, and was himself dismissed by acting Governor-General Iskander Mirza. He died in Lahore the following year. Ghulam Muhammad is viewed negatively by Pakistani historians, criticized for giving rise to political intrigue, undermining civilian control of the military by declaring martial law, and devaluing nascent democratic norms by sacking parliament.〔(Ghulam Muhammad - Story of Pakistan ), Retrieved 17 August 2015〕 ==Family and education== Malik Ghulam Muhammad was born near Mochi Gate to a wealthy family on 20 April 1895. He belonged to the Kakazai tribe of Pashtuns,〔(Ex-Governor General Ghulam Mohammad’s anniversary today ), cnbcpakistan.com website, Retrieved 19 August 2015〕 and was related to another early Pakistani bureacurat Dr. Nazir Ahmed. He was raised in the walled city of Lahore, and graduated from a local high school. He was awarded a Bachelor of Accountancy from Aligarh Muslim University, where he also studied economics. He is the maternal grandfather of Yousuf Salahuddin, and related by marriage to Allama Iqbal, Pakistan's national poet and philosopher. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Malik Ghulam Muhammad」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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